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Scrum half advices?

I’m 15, and I started to play rugby 2 years ago (I live in Portugal…). In the the last 3 matches than I played, the coach made me play as the scrum-half, but I just know the basics of a scrum-half, and I have big difficulties related to the scrum passing and how to pressure the other scrum half. Can you give me some advices, and what should I do to improve my scrum half skills ?

Just practice passing with you`re fly half as much as u can!! and whenever you`re on you`re own just keep passing! And as pressuring the other scrum half goes… just keep hassling him so what if its entirely legal and try to whind him up away from the ref so he will get annoyed and if he doesn’t react he’ll get annoyed and end up playing a bad game you can`t get sent off for it, well i never have and i do it every match i play and the worst that has happend is the other team got a penalty but nothing more! As a scrum half try to be more physical than the other scrum half, go into the occasional maul and ruck!! And also practice running with the ball and breaking the tackle so the defense those not know what to expect! But the main thing as a scrum half is be confident in the position if you don’t know what you are doing pretend you do anyway! that’s it really. good luck!

Basic Rugby Skills Offload during tackle

Quote on T-shirts, to Make Them Cool, Funny Yet Meaningful

What is your easiest and coolest apparel for a party or function or a simple gathering. Shirts and trousers? No, they may be the nice to wear but not easiest. I tell you what it is. It is a T-shirt. They are not only easy to wear; they are cool and comfortable as well. You can’t have writing on your shirt and still cool, but it is perfectly possible with a tee. And occasion or no occasion, you can wear a tee. And it has not necessarily to be cool all the time. It may be sober at times, and at certain places it yours only choice, like while playing any sort of sport that demands moving your body, from football, to rugby to golf to polo. And it is also makes a perfect office apparel.

What is interesting is that they are available for every event, and come in every possible option, like plain, printed, digital, designer, with quotes and lot more.

What really makes a T-shirt attractive apart from its style and design is the quotes written on it. You can stop to read the text of them, for most of the time they are funny and are of dual meaning. They are called corporate T-shirts if the quotes on them read like “If you can’t convince them confuse them” or “have no fear, engineer is here”. They give a shot of the daily life of an engineer by quotes like “welcome to nowhere”.

Logo T-shirts have the famous logos tweaked or in their natural form. Instead of “Intel Inside”, you may get to see “Acid Inside” or simply “I’m lovin’ it”.

Wi-Fi T-shirts and digital T-shirts are special tees, as they work with batteries and show the Wi-Fi strength of the surroundings and the current time in digital form.

Polo T-shirts or golf T-shirts are typically the collared tees with two or three buttons and an optional pocket.

Ladies T-shirts or girl T-shirts are also a hit and ladies tees can be worn at office places or at the home as casual dresses.

fashion is with every kind of dresses and T-shirts are not untouched from it. Designer T-shirts are trendy and interestingly you can design your T-shirt. If you are fan of printed T-shirts, you can also choose the quote for your tee and at the T-shirt printing it will be on your tee.

Quotation on the tees can make them funny and they may be called funny t-shirts but sometimes they also some meaningful content in them. They may be about awakening about environment issues and they may be about a campaign. So, its fun, its cool but at the same time, its meaningful as well.

About the Author

Best place to buy tshirts in india, buy funny t-shirt, Digital T-shirts, Tshirt India, Indian tshirts, white tees.

rugby t shirt slogans

What shirt number to have?

I need to decide on a good shirt number to have for a top we are getting at school, my second name is HALL which i’m having on the back and I’ve narrowed numbers down to;
12 (rugby number)
15 (fave number)
54 (john cena’s (Wrestler) number)
00 (can’t remember whether 00 or 99 is the one the fat kid would ususally be given i think its 99 so i chose 00 (correct me if i’m wrong)

Which one do you guys reckon would look the best?
Help is greatly appreciated..

69 lol

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Dubai rugby Sevens 2008 – Top 10 Tries

Truman State University

history

Truman State University was founded in 1867 by Joseph Baldwin as the First Missouri normal school and commercial College. Baldwin was considered a pioneer in education, and his school quickly gained official recognition in 1870 by the Missouri General Assembly, which designated it as the first public teaching college in Missouri.

Joseph Baldwin statue on the Truman State University campus

A region of 25 Missouri counties was designated as the school’s college district; these counties included Adair, Audrain, Boone, Callaway, Chariton, Clark, Howard, Knox, Lewis, Lincoln, Linn, Marion, Macon, Monroe, Montgomery, Pike, Putnam, Ralls, Randolph, St. Charles, Schuyler, Scotland, Shelby, Sullivan and Warren.

As the school continued to grow, Basil Brewer wrote the school song “The Purple and White” in 1902. The song’s popularity prompted the university to adopt the school colors as purple and white. Thirteen years later, in 1915, the bulldog became the official mascot of the college.

In 1924 a fire destroyed Old Baldwin Hall and the library. Both were rebuilt, with $25,000.00 allotted for the new library donated by Samuel M. Pickler, a member of the first graduating class of 1870, former faculty member, and a local merchant. The broad pond in the quadrangle (a prominent feature in pre-1924 photographs of the campus) was pumped dry in a futile attempt to put out the fire. The depression was filled in with debris from the ruined buildings and covered with grass, which now serves as the quadrangle (“Quad”) of the campus.

The college was renamed Northeast Missouri State University in 1972, and, in 1983, the university was awarded the G. Theodore Mitau Award for Innovation and Change in Higher Education by the American Association of State Colleges and Universities. Northeast Missouri State continued pushing for excellence. On June 20, 1985, Governor John Ashcroft signed a bill that designated the university as Missouri’s only statewide public liberal arts and sciences university. This changed the school’s mission to a state-wide rather than a regional (northeast) objective. As such, nearly 100 programs were dropped in the span of six years, including all two-year programs those that did not fulfill the liberal arts mission.

The school continued to win praise from such publications as US news and World Report and the university’s reputation continued to spread. By the 1990s, the university was no longer solely a teachers’ college, but also had a nationally-known accounting division and schools of science, mathematics, computer science, and literature. Ten years after Governor Ashcroft’s designation, Governor Mel Carnahan signed legislation renaming the school Truman State University. Truman State University is designated by statute as Missouri’s premier public liberal arts and sciences institution.

Years

Name

1867-1868

North Missouri normal and commercial School

1868-1870

North Missouri Normal School

1870-1918

North Missouri Normal School of the First District

1918-1968

Northeast Missouri State Teachers College

(Commonly called Kirksville State Teachers College)

1968-1972

Northeast Missouri State College

1972-1996

Northeast Missouri State University

1996-Present

Truman State University

Academic Mission

On June 15, 2007, the Board of Governors approved and adopted the University Strategic Plan. In this plan the university will continue its devotion to providing a liberal arts education that is financially accessible. The primary vision, as stated by the Plan, is for Truman to be “…America premier public liberal arts and sciences university.” The Plan also lists six goals that outlines an agenda that will be implemented in the next three to five years.

As part of its focus on liberal arts and sciences, Truman requires all students to complete the Liberal Studies Program, or LSP. The LSP is designed to give students a “broad educational experience”, and consists of Essential Skills, Modes of Inquiry, and Interconnecting Perspectives sections.

Truman State University Entrance

Truman State University Entrance Close-Up

Administration and Organization

University presidents

Joseph Baldwin (1867-1881)

William P. Nason (1881-1882)

Joseph Blanton (1882-1891)

William D. Dobson (1891-1899)

John R. Kirk (1899-1925)

Eugene Fair (1925-1937)

Walter H. Ryle (1937-1967)

F. Clark Elkins (1967-1969)

Eli F. Mittler (1969-1970)

Charles J. McClain (1970-1989)

Robert A. Dager (1989-1990)

Russell G. Warren (1990-1994)

W. Jack Magruder (1994-2003)

Barbara Dixon (2003-2008)

Darrell Krueger (interim) (2008-Present)

Board of Governors

Truman State’s Board of Governors consists of ten members. Each member is appointed by the Governor of Missouri to serve a four-year term, with a student representative serving for two years. The ten members must meet residential requirements defined by Missouri law as follows:

Four voting members from inside Truman’s regional boundary, provided that not more than one person from the same county is selected.

Three voting members from in-state, provided that not more than one person is from the same college region defined by Missouri state law.

Two non-voting members from out-of-state. Former U.S. Housing and Urban Development secretary Alphonso Jackson, a graduate of Truman, served on the board in this capacity for two terms.

One non-voting member who is a current full-time Truman student. Student groups have lobbied the state to allow this member to vote. The Truman Student Senate recently passed a unanimous resolution calling for a student to become a voting member of the Board of Governors and sent the resolution to every member of the Missouri Legislature.

The current Board of Governors includes the following members:

chair – Cheryl J. Cozette, Columbia

Vice chair – Matthew W. Potter, St. Louis

Secretary – John W. Siscel, III, St. Louis

Mike Greenwell, Shelbina

Karen Haber, Kansas City

Kenneth L. Read, Kirksville

Mark S. Wasinger, Hannibal

Board Members – Nonvoting – Out-of-State

John Hilton, Alexandria, Virginia

Peter T. Ewell, Boulder, Colorado

Board Member – Nonvoting – Student Representative

G. Cody Sumter, Warrensburg

The Board of Governors also includes four committees: the Finance and Audit Committee, the Budget and Capital Projects Committee, the Honorary Degrees Committee, and the Truman State University Foundation Board of Directors.

Campus

The quad in Spring

The campus is located on the south side of Kirksville. Truman’s main campus is situated around a slightly wooded quadrangle, also known as the “Quad.” It is two blocks south of the town square, which includes an eight screen movie theatre and various eateries.

Notable buildings on campus include Pickler Memorial Library, the Kirk Memorial, the Kirk Auditorium Building (the oldest building on campus, built in 1922), Magruder Hall, McClain Hall, Baldwin Hall, Violette Hall, Barnett Hall, Ophelia Parrish, Pershing Arena, and the Recreation Center (or “The Rec”).

“The Bubble” of the Pickler Memorial Library

Pickler Memorial Library was named after Samuel M. Pickler, who donated funds to rebuild the library after it was destroyed by fire in 1924. Renovated in 1993, it is now houses the main computer lab, as well as approximately 450,000 volumes of various works. The front lobby area of Pickler Memorial Library is known as “the Bubble” for its curved glass atrium.

Kirk Memorial is a small, domed structure near the center of campus. The structure is dedicated to John Kirk, the fifth president of the university. It formerly housed Truman’s debate team and now houses a few administrative offices. The Kirk Auditorium, now known as “Kirk Building,” was once the University’s combined gymnasium and auditorium facility. It currently houses the Center for International Education, Student Affairs, Publications and the Department of sports information. The Rec is located just north of Centennial Residence Hall and is open everyday except on holidays. It also offers a gymnasium for a variety sports, a weight room, an elevated track, various exercise equipment, and a smaller, multipurpose gym for hockey, indoor soccer, etc. There are seven main academic buildings. Magruder Hall is the science building and houses the departments of Chemistry, physics, Biology and Agriculture. McClain Hall serves as both an administrative and academic building. For the academic portion, classical & Modern Languages, Economics, English & Linguistics, history, Philosophy & religion, Political Science, and Psychology can be found there. Baldwin Hall is connected to McClain Hall and houses the campus auditorium that is best known for hosting cultural events through the Kohlenberg-Lyceum Series. Violette Hall, named after former history professor E.M. Violette, is home to the School of business, the Mathematics and Computer Science Department, and the Education Department. Ophelia Parrish is used as home to the Art, music, and Theatre Departments. Barnett Hall is home to the departments of Anthropology, Geography, and Sociology; Communication; Communication Disorders; Justice Systems; and Nursing programs. Finally, Pershing Arena is for department of health and exercise Science classes.

Bell Tower from across an icy quad

Campus Map

Services available on campus to students include the student health center, career center, and writing center. General use of the health center is free, but it is closed on the weekends and holidays. The career center is located next to the health center and provides help to students in determining a career path, selecting a major, developing career skills, helping put together a resume, or even conducting mock interviews. The writing center is located on the third floor of McClain and offers critique and editing for student papers.

Academics

Admissions

Truman State University is Missouri’s only highly selective public institution of higher learning. This designation means that, in order to be accepted, applicants must have a combined ability score of at least 140. The combined ability score is calculated by adding the percentage of students in the applicant’s graduating class that the applicant outranks and the percentage of students the applicant outscored on a nationally-standardized test (usually the ACT, although the SAT is also accepted). Admissions decisions are also based, however, on a mandatory application essay, the applicant’s resume, and the applicant’s high school and extracurricular record. According to the Princeton Review, Truman has a selectivity rating of 97, a 79% acceptance rate, and an 85% retention rate. All applicants must have 4 credits of English, 3 credits of math, 3 credits of science, 2 credits of foreign language, 2 credits of social studies, and 1 credit of fine art. The average GPA of an admitted student is 3.76, with 50% of all admitted students ranking in the top 10% of their class, and the median ACT range is 25-31.

The Liberal Studies Program

On July 20, 1985, the state of Missouri charged Truman State University with serving as the state’s premier public liberal arts and sciences university. In order to meet this commitment to the people of Missouri, the Truman faculty and administration created the Liberal Studies Program, the general education curriculum undergraduates complete in order to receive a Truman degree. The Liberal Studies Program consists of three distinct areas:

Essential Skills for success in liberal studies, including courses in writing as critical thinking, public speaking, elementary functions, statistics, computer literacy, and personal well-being.

Modes of Inquiry by which students may approach problems and issues in other academic areas. Students must complete coursework in seven of the following eight modes: fine arts, literature, history, mathematics, philosophy or religion, life science, physical science, and social science.

Interconnecting Perspectives that allow students to understand and appreciate better the knowledge they have gained. This includes taking a series of writing-enhanced courses, an interdisciplinary seminar course in the junior year, at least two semesters of a foreign language, and participating in an intercultural experience (this can be fulfilled through any one of a series of courses or by going on any study abroad trip).

Schools

The School of Arts and Letters is the home of the departments of Art, classical & Modern Languages, English & Linguistics, music, and Theatre. Degrees offered through the school include Art, Art History, Classics, English, French, German, Linguistics, Music, Romance Languages, Russian, Spanish, Theatre, and Visual Communications. In addition to the 17 distinct undergraduate majors offered, the school also offers 6 graduate programs, including Music and English.

The School of business offers degrees in Business Administration (BA or BS) with emphasis in Finance, Management, marketing, and International Business. In addition, a BS and Mac in Accounting are offered, with the graduate program ranked third in the nation in terms of CPA passage rates.

The School of Health Sciences & Education offers degrees Communication Disorders (graduate and undergraduate), Nursing, Health Science, Exercise Science, and Education (MAE only). Education students can emphasize in elementary education, special education, English, exercise science, foreign language, music, mathematics, science, and visual arts.

The School of Science and Mathematics offers degrees in Agricultural Science, Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, Computer Science, Physics and Psychology.

The School of Social & Cultural Studies offers degrees in Communication, Economics, History, Justice Systems, Military Science (minor only), Philosophy & Religion, Political Science, Geography (minor only), and Sociology/Anthropology.

Students are also free to create their own interdisciplinary majors or to minor in any of the approved interdisciplinary minors, which include African/African-American Studies, Asian Studies, Classical Studies, Cognitive Sciences, Environmental Studies, Folklore, Forensic Science, International Studies, Italian Studies, Mathematical Biology, Medieval Studies, and Women’s and Gender Studies.

Campus Life

Residence Life

In the 1960s the university built Dobson Hall (1961), Ryle Hall (1963), Missouri Hall (1965) and Centennial Hall (1967). There are three other residence halls on campus: Blanton-Nason-Brewer (1948, Brewer added in 1959), Ezra C. Grim Hall (1923), and West Campus Suites (2006). The residence halls are maintained by ResLife, an administrative body of professionals and students who live in the halls and act as student advisors (SA’s) and hall directors. Truman’s residence halls are currently undergoing a $90 million renovation schedule. This project included the construction of West Campus Suites in 2006, the renovation of Missouri Hall in 2006, Blanton-Nason-Brewer in 2007, and Dobson in 2008. Ryle Hall is currently in the first phase of a two-year renovation, and Centennial is scheduled to undergo a two-year renovation after Ryle.

Dobson Hall is coed by wing and houses roughly 400 students. Dobson features community-style bathrooms, study areas, laundry facilities, air conditioning in all rooms, and a convenience store, but no cafeteria.

Ryle Hall is the second largest hall at Truman. This coed dorm houses nearly 600 students in suite-style rooms. The standard arrangement is two bedrooms, or four people, sharing one bathroom. Ryle has a spacious main lounge that is often used for on-campus events. The dorm features a cafeteria, computer labs, mailboxes, vending machines, ATM machines, laundry rooms, and also house a classroom used by the Residential College Program (RCP). Ryle will be undergoing renovations from 2009-2011. The North wing and main lounge of Ryle will be closed and remodeled during the 2009-2010 academic year, reopening in August 2010. The South wing of Ryle will be closed and remodeled during the 2010-2011 academic year, reopening in August 2011. Renovation plans also include remodeling the Ryle cafeteria during the summer of 2009.

Centennial Hall (commonly called “C-Hall”) is the largest dorm on campus. This coed dorm houses nearly 600 students in suite-style rooms. Like Ryle, the standard arrangement is two rooms, or four people, sharing one bathroom. Centennial also has a spacious main lounge that is often used for small on-campus events. The dorm features a cafeteria, computer labs, mailboxes, vending machines, ATM machines, laundry rooms, and also a large study lounge. The primary difference between Ryle and Centennial is that Ryle’s lounge is located on the first floor with its cafeteria below, and that Centennial’s cafeteria bisects the second floor, with the lounge area sitting directly below. Centennial will be the final dorm renovation on Truman’s campus, completing a seven year renovation schedule of all of the residence halls. The hall renovated similarly to Ryle, in 2 stages, the first from 2011-2012 and the second from 2012-2013.

Missouri Hall (commonly called “MO Hall”) is a coed residence hall that houses 518 students, making it the third largest on campus. Missouri Hall is made up of seven different wings. On both the north and south sides of the building three wings join with a common lounge. The two common lounges are linked by a seventh “crossover” wing. From overhead, the building is shaped like an elongated asterisk. While each wing is either male or female, each “house” (the north or south side of a single floor) includes both male and female wings. The building also houses a large cafeteria, study rooms, laundry facilities, and many public kitchens. With a high percentage of first year students each fall term, more students get their start at Truman in Missouri Hall than any other place on campus.A renovation of Missouri Hall began in the summer of 2006 and concluded during the summer of 2007. The upgrade included improved air conditioning, renovated bathrooms, wiring upgrades, improved community space, an updated dining hall, and a new lobby.

Blanton-Nason-Brewer (commonly called “BNB”), offers three floors of suite-style, coed living arrangements to students. Originally three separate buildings connected by breezeways, the building underwent a major renovation in the 2007-2008 academic year and is now one, unified residence hall. The north wing, Brewer Hall, is primarily used as sorority housing. The east and south wings, respectively Nason Hall and Blanton Hall, are used as regular housing. BNB does not have its own dining hall, so residents typically walk to Missouri Hall, which is next door. The hall offers two large lounges with fireplaces on the first floor. The second and third floors have open community lounge areas, study rooms, computer workstations, laundry facilities, trash and recycling areas, and public kitchens.

Grim Hall is the smallest residence hall on campus, with a capacity of just 68 residents. It is also unusual in its hardwood flooring and house-like appearance. Originally a dormitory for nurses at the adjacent Grim-Smith Hospital, it was later acquired by the University in the 1930s. For many years Grim was also the “International Dorm” by striving to maintain a population of at least one third foreign students. Because of its small size, Grim Hall sometimes feels more like a home than a large housing complex; much of its personality comes from its residents differentiating Grim from the large dormitories.

West Campus Suites, just northwest of Centennial Hall, opened its doors to 416 students in Fall 2006. Currently, all floors are coed by suite and the building’s residents come from all class standings. Each room (with the exception of single rooms for eight student advisors and apartments for the hall director and community coordinator) consists of two bedrooms attached to a central living room, sink, kitchen cabinets and large bathroom. All suites have individual central air conditioning. Each floor has its own dedicated lounge, 2 study rooms, laundry facilities, trash and recycling center, campus events bulletin board, and computer labs. A favorite amenity of students is the convenience store located off of the main lobby.

Truman offers the option of three campus-owned apartments for student living: Randolph, Campbell, and Fair. Randolph and Campbell Apartments provide residents with a kitchen area, while students living in Fair Apartments use their meal plan to eat on campus. Fair is located across the street from Violette Hall, Campbell is located next to the tennis courts, and Randolph is located behind Dobson Hall.

Yet another option is Farm Hall, located at the University Farm. Only a handful of students, often majors in agricultural science, live here each year. Their work on the farm helps them gain useful first-hand experience, as well as help pay for room and board.

Student organizations

Truman is host to a variety of student organizations. Option for student involvement include campus media, cultural organization, departmental and professional groups, Greek life, honorary societies, political groups, recreational sporting organizations, religious communities, service groups, and Student Government.

Greek Life

The Greek community contains almost 20% of the campus in nineteen fraternities and eleven sororities. The fraternities are governed by the Interfraternal Council (IFC), which includes the thirteen nationally recognized Greek fraternities on campus: Alpha Gamma Rho, Alpha Kappa Lambda, Alpha Tau Omega, Beta Theta Pi, Delta Chi, Kappa Alpha Psi, Lambda Chi Alpha, Pi Kappa Phi, Sigma Tau Gamma, Sigma Phi Epsilon, Tau Kappa Epsilon, Phi Kappa Theta, Phi Kappa Tau, Phi Lambda Phi , Phi Mu Alpha, and Phi Sigma Kappa. The sororities are governed by the Panhellenic Council, which is made up of five internationally recognized sororities on campus: Alpha Gamma Delta, Alpha Sigma Alpha, Delta Zeta, Sigma Kappa, and Sigma Sigma Sigma, and several local sororities: Sigma Chi Delta, Beta Omega Beta, Tau Lambda Sigma, Alpha Sigma Gamma,Phi Delta, and The Primroses. There are also seven of the divine nine Historically Black Fraternities and sororities which are part of the National Pan-Hellenic Council, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc., Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc., Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc., Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Inc., Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority Inc., and Zeta Phi Beta Sorority Inc. It also has a multicultural sorority and fraternity. The sorority is Sigma Lambda Gamma National Sorority, Inc, while the fraternity is Sigma Lambda Beta National Fraternity, Inc. The organizations do service around the community, provide leadership on campus, and provide a social outlet for students. In addition to these organizations, Truman also boasts an honor fraternity for nearly every major on campus.

Honorary

Truman also offers a wide selection of honorary organizations. Such organizations include Alpha Phi Sigma, Alpha Psi Omega, Eta Sigma Phi, Eta Sigma Gamma, Kappa Delta Pi, Kappa Mu Epsilon, Lambda Pi Eta, National Residence Hall Honorary, National Society of Collegiate Scholars, Omicron Delta Kappa, Phi Beta Kappa, Phi Kappa Phi, Phi Sigma Pi, Pi Delta Phi, Psi Chi, Sigma Delta Pi, Sigma Tau Delta. In addition, there is the Pershing Society, a special organization for students who have been awarded the Pershing Scholarship, the University’s most prestigious award.

International Students

Truman enrolls students from all over the world. According to 2009 figures from the International Student Affair Office, 309 students represent 45 countries, with the largest contingent (127) coming from Nepal.

Campus Lore

The second — replacement — gum tree near the southwest corner of Ophelia Parrish Hall

The weather vane atop Kirk Memorial is welded in place so that it will always point northeast, in honor of the school’s previous name and its location.

“The Ghost of Centennial Hall” is named “Joan,” who has been said to be a student killed in an auto accident in the 1970s. In addition, “Charlotte” and an unnamed little boy have haunted Grim Hall for 70 years, and “Gina” watches over the women of Ryle. See external link “Truman Ghost Stories,” below.

Students traditionally stuck their chewing gum on a redbud tree on the east side of campus. This “gum tree” was decorated in colorful wads, and at times, it even sported students’ names. The tree was vandalized and knocked down by an unknown party in 2000, but students quickly adopted another tree.

The sunken garden, site of many student weddings, is actually the cellar left from the Baldwin Hall fire of 1924. Due to the frequency of student weddings in the sunken garden, a campus myth came into common circulation. It is alleged that if a new couple has their first kiss at midnight on one of the two benches located in the sunken garden, the couple will eventually get married.

A row of large, clapperless bells is fixed in a brick wall on the quad. The Bell Wall was built and dedicated at the Centennial Celebration in 1967. The bells were donated by Joe Burdman, local businessman and University benefactor. The historic bells were collected from abandoned churches, schoolhouses and public buildings in northeast Missouri. Each bell was meant to represent the ideals of liberty, justice, religion, and education.

The annual football game against Northwest Missouri State University was established in 1930 when Northwest president Uel W. Lamkin sent Fair a polished hickory stick from the farm where the former president Eugene Fair was born. The “Hickory Stick” has since been contested annually.

Army ROTC

Army Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) was established at Truman in 1969. Approximately 200 Truman students are members of the “Bulldog Battalion” and enroll in military science courses each semester. Students completing the ROTC program are additionally awarded a minor in Military Science.

Athletics

Truman is a member of NCAA Division II and plays in the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletic Association conference. The athletic department sponsors 21 teams (11 men’s and 10 women’s) more than any other school in Missouri. Among Truman’s most recent successes include: four regional championships for women’s volleyball, a regional berth for men’s basketball in 2006, and undefeated regular seasons for both men’s and women’s soccer. In March 2008, the women’s swim team won their seventh national title in eight years, again beating their in state rival Drury University. The team holds the record for most national titles won in their division.

Indoor sports are played in the Pershing Arena (named for general John J. Pershing who attended Truman the 1880s). Indoor sports include: Men and women’s Swimming, Wrestling (M), Volleyball (W), and basketball (M/W). Outdoor offerings are; Soccer (M/W), golf (M/W), football, baseball, softball, Track (M/W), Cross-country (M/W), and Tennis (M/W). Stokes stadium is the site for home football games and track meets.

In addition to intercollegiate athletics, recreational teams exist for lacrosse, rugby union (Bulls and Bullets), roller hockey, Ultimate (JujiTSU and TSUnami), men’s volleyball and men’s and women’s soccer.

Truman students passed a resolution in the Spring of 2007, adding a $50/semester fee to all students taking six or more credit hours to help support athletic facilities on campus. The addition of lights to Stokes stadium was one of the first projects completed with the help of the student athletic fee.

Notable people associated with Truman

Main article: List of Truman State University alumni

Ray Armstead gold medal winner in the 1984 Olympics (4x400m relay)

Robert J. Behnen, a genealogist and former Republican member of the Missouri House of Representatives;

Andrew Blakely, rated in the top ten All-Time for NCAA college football receptions with 300 receptions from 1999-2002.

James Carter, former deputy undersecretary for international affairs at the United States Department of Labor’s bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB), formerly deputy assistant secretary of economic policy at the United States Department of the Treasury and associate director at the White House National Economic Council;

Beryl Franklin Carroll, 20th governor of Iowa

John W. Cauthorn, a former Republican member of the Missouri State Senate;

Trudy Cooper, one of four co-founders of Outback Steakhouse.

Byron Crawford, an blogger and hip-Hop critic;

Lenvil Elliott, former professional American football player who played running back for nine seasons in the NFL.

Jenna Fischer, actress, best known for her role as Pam Beesly, in the U.S. adaptation of The Office;

Kevin C. Fitzpatrick, a non-fiction writer best known for his research of Dorothy Parker and the Algonquin Round table.

Harry Gallatin, Truman men’s basketball player, NBA player for the New York Knicks and the Detroit Pistons, coach of the New York Knicks, and member of the Basketball Hall of Fame;

Alphonso Jackson, 13th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD);

Glenn Jacobs, WWE wrestler best known as “Kane”, played both football and basketball for Truman;

Harry H. Laughlin, was a leading American eugenicist in the first half of the 20th century;

Rebecca McClanahan, RN and professor of Nursing, and current Democrat member of the Missouri House of Representatives;

Mike Morris, former long snapper for the Minnesota Vikings and a current radio host on KFAN in Minneapolis.

Al Nipper, a Major League baseball coach and a former pitcher who played for the Boston Red Sox, chicago Cubs and Cleveland Indians.

Ken Norton, boxer, one of the few to beat Muhammad Ali;

General John J. “Black Jack” Pershing, American Army Officer who achieved rank of General of the Armies;

Mary Rhodes Russell, judge on the Supreme Court of Missouri, appointed in 2004 and retained in 2006.

Rhonda Vincent, bluegrass singer, International Bluegrass Music Association’s female vocalist of the year 2000-2006.

Gregg Williams, football coach, currently defensive coordinator formerly with the Jacksonville Jaguars, now with the New Orleans Saints.[citation needed]

See also

Liberal arts colleges

References

^ http://giving.truman.edu/AssetGrowth.asp

^ http://www.citytowninfo.com/school-profiles/truman-state-university

^ http://www.truman.edu/index.asp?docld=566&audienceld=

^ http://www.index.truman.edu/pdf/2007-2008/august19/page 10.pdf

^ http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/college/masters-midwest-top-public

^ http://governors.truman.edu/boardmembers.asp

^ http://governors.truman.edu/boardofficersandboardcommittees.asp

^ http://www.princetonreview.com/schools/college/CollegeAdmissions.aspx?iid=1022679

^ http://sal.truman.edu/

^ http://business.truman.edu/

^ http://healthscienceseducation.truman.edu/

^ http://scienceandmath.truman.edu/

^ http://sacs.truman.edu/

^ http://ois.truman.edu/minors_index.asp

^ http://reslife.truman.edu/halls/dobson/index.asp

^ http://reslife.truman.edu/halls/ryle/index.asp

^ http://reslife.truman.edu/halls/chall/index.asp

^ http://reslife.truman.edu/halls/missouri/index.asp

^ http://reslife.truman.edu/halls/bnb/index.asp

^ http://reslife.truman.edu/halls/grim/index.asp

^ http://reslife.truman.edu/halls/west/index.asp

^ http://reslife.truman.edu/halls/apartments/BldgRmInfo.asp

^ http://studentinvolvement.truman.edu/studentorgs.asp

^ Current Statistical information for International Students for Spring 2009 http://iso.truman.edu/main/docs/091 Stats.pdf

^ http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=d70d224971c81010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD

^

External links

Official Truman State website

Truman State Residence Life

Truman Index Newspaper

Truman news 36 KTRM

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Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletic Association

Central Missouri Emporia State Fort Hays State Missouri Southern Missouri Western Nebraskamaha Northwest Missouri Pittsburg State Southwest Baptist Truman Washburn

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Colleges and universities in Missouri

Public institutions

Central Missouri Harris-Stowe State Lincoln Missouri Southern Missouri State Missouri Western Northwest Missouri State Southeast Missouri State Truman State

University of Missouri System

University of Missouri Missouri University of Science and Technology University of Missouriansas City University of Missourit. Louis

Private institutions

A. T. Still Avila Baptist Bible Central Bible Central christian Central Methodist College of the Ozarks Columbia Concordia Seminary Covenant Culver-Stockton Drury Evangel Fontbonne Hannibal-LaGrange KCAI KCUMB Lindenwood Logan Maryville Midwestern Baptist Missouri Baptist Missouri Valley Nazarene Ozark christian Park Rockhurst Saint Louis Saint Louis Christian STLCOP Saint Paul Southwest Baptist Stephens Washington University in St. Louis Webster Westminster William Jewell William Woods

Two-year colleges

Cottey Crowder East Central Jefferson Metropolitan CC Mineral Area Moberly Area CC North Central Missouri Ozarks TCC Ranken TC St. Charles CC St. Louis CC State Fair CC Three Rivers CC Wentworth

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Council of Public Liberal Arts College (COPLAC)

College of Charleston Eastern Connecticut State University The Evergreen State College Fort Lewis College Georgia College & State University Henderson State University Keene State College Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts Midwestern State University New College of Florida Ramapo College Sonoma State University Southern Oregon University St. Mary’s College of Maryland State University of New York at Geneseo Truman State University University of Alberta, Augustana Campus University of Maine at Farmington University of Mary Washington University of Minnesota Morris University of Montevallo University of North Carolina at Asheville University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma University of Virginia’s College at Wise University of Wisconsin-Superior

Coordinates: 401121 923457 / 40.18917N 92.58239W / 40.18917; -92.58239

Categories: Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletic Association | Educational institutions established in 1867 | Universities and colleges in Missouri | North Central Association of Colleges and Schools | American Association of State Colleges and Universities | Liberal arts colleges | Harry S. Truman | Truman State UniversityHidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from February 2010
About the Author

I am a professional writer from China Suppliers, which contains a great deal of information about $keyword_li, welcome to visit!

Rugby Valley Apartments in Atlanta, GA – ForRent.com

Where can I get a compilation dvd of the just concluded rugby World Cup matches in Nairobi?

order online at the IRB site or rugbyworldstore.com

The Cream, dvd Series, rugby The Dell Way

Invictus: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack $7.99 Clint Eastwood’s film Invictus, follows post Apartheid South African President Nelson Mandela (Morgan Freeman), as he unites the nation through his controversial support of the white sport – Rugby. He befriends the captain (Matt Damon) and “fires up” the national team, the Springboks, eventually inspiring them to win the World Cup in 1995. The soundtrack features performances by South African voca…

Vaughan Williams – Sir John in Love / Hickox, Northern Sinfonia $23.95 …

Dieux du Stade: Making of the 2006 Calendar $19.98 …

Jim Henson Muppets: The Christmas Toy [VHS] $9.98 Kermit the Frog as Santa Claus narrates this delightful holiday tale. Rugby the Tiger is Jaime’s favorite Christmas toy from last year. Rugby is convinced that he will be wrapped up and placed under the tree again this year. When it’s Christmas Eve and all the other toys try to explain to him that that is not going to happen, Rugby decides to take matters into his own paws and place himself …

The Christmas Toy [VHS] $5.99 Kermit the Frog as Santa Claus narrates this delightful holiday tale. Rugby the Tiger is Jaime’s favorite Christmas toy from last year. Rugby is convinced that he will be wrapped up and placed under the tree again this year. When it’s Christmas Eve and all the other toys try to explain to him that that is not going to happen, Rugby decides to take matters into his own paws and place himself …

Invictus $2.96 From director Clint Eastwood, Invictus tells the inspiring true story of how Nelson Mandela joined forces with the captain of South Africa’s rugby team, Francois Pienaar, to help unite their country. Believing he can bring his people together through the universal language of sport, Mandela rallies South Africa’s underdog rugby team as they make an unlikely run to the 1995 World Cup Championship…

Friends: The Complete Fourth Season $12.89 Friends’ fourth season, one of the very best and most consistently satisfying, begins with Chandler urinating on Monica’s leg to relieve a jellyfish sting. It ends with the two in bed and in lust. In between are several benchmark episodes and rich, character-enriching plot developments that keep this series from coasting on comfort level. Phoebe (Lisa Kudrow) agrees to become a surrogate mother fo…

Alive $2.19 In 1972 a chartered plane carrying a Uruguayan rugby squad and various family members crashed in the Andes. If that sounds dry and matter-of-fact, you haven’t seen director Frank Marshall’s harrowing re-creation Alive, an adrenaline-pounding, heart-in-your-mouth spectacle that kicks off this famous story of survival. The real-life against-all-odds odyssey made worldwide headlines when it became kn…

ESPN Films 30 for 30: The 16th Man DVD $14.95 Rugby has long been viewed in South Africa as a game for the white population, and the country’s success in the sport has been a true source of Afrikaner pride. When the 50 year old policies and entrenched injustices of apartheid were finally overthrown in 1994, Nelson Mandela’s new government began rebuilding a nation badly in need of racial unity. So the world was watching when South Africa play…

Dual Auxiliary Audio Input Interface For Select General Motors Vehicles High Sound $100.42 COMPATIBILITY: Vehicle MUST be either equipped with, or have the ability to support Satellite Radio. 2012 Avalanche, Sierra, Silverado Suburban, Tahoe & Yukon vehicles equipped with a navigation radio are not compatible. Radio must be equipped with a “CAT” + “Band” button combination or “XM” button to be compatible….

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NRL on Channel Nine in Melbourne?

Its about time they put a live broadcast in Melbourne on Channel Nine. Most of the times i have to watch on Fox sports replays which gets the nine games on it. 11:30pm.
But finally they put a live game Australia vs. New Zealand.
I’d actually like them to put atleast one game live in Melbourne at 7:30pm.
Like in 2009 They put Broncos vs. Storm live. They should do this atleast one game.

Nine network always put movies on Nine at 7:30pm at Top Gear which is not the best car show.
Would you like it if Melbourne start actually putting live rugby league every week on Friday Nights.
I hope this is the start of it. This Friday i mean lolzz anyways…

The game is big news in Melbourne at the moment, every man and his dog has an opinion. New stadium, an International, and the Storm saga. I think Channel 9 are hoping it goes well.

I know how you feel, I lived at Elwood for 18 months, and I had to stay up till all hours to see a rugby League game .. and go into Flinders Street Station to get the Sydney papers on a Monday, to get the scores.

Lap it up, you know you’ll enjoy it!!

Rugby test Match 2009 – Italy vs. New Zealand

Orange County Personal Injury lawyer and Law

Personal Injury Cases in California

byJon Mitchell Jackson, Esq.

http://www.JacksonandWilson.com and

http://jacksonandwilson.com

WHAT IS A PERSONAL INJURY CASE IN ORANGE COUNTY CALIFORNIA?

By Orange County personal injury and wrongful death lawyer, Jon Mitchell Jackson (2009 Trial Lawyer of the Year) at http://jacksonandwilson.com

A personal injury or catastrophic injury case occurs when a person has suffered some form of severe physical or psychological injury as a result of another person or company’s wrongful conduct. The wrongful conduct may be simple negligence or intentional, willful, wanton or reckless conduct.

In some instances, a party may be strictly liable for injury to another without the injured person having to show any wrongdoing by the other party.

Personal injury cases we’ve helped families with over the past 25 years include the following…

Automobile Accident Injuries- Each year in the United States there are more than six million motor vehicle accidents. This year, approximately 10,839 people will die in drunk-driving crashes – one every 50 minutes.

motorcycle Accident Injuries- Each year, about 4,000 riders sustain fatal injuries in motorcycle accidents. And each year, another 76,000 are injured. Statistically, about 12 motorcycle riders are involved in fatal accidents each day with another 208 riders sustaining injury on U.S. roadways.

Large Truck Accident Injuries- On an annual basis, there are about 5,000 large truck related fatal accidents in the United States.

Slip and Fall Injuries- Most people are not aware of the fact that slip and fall injuries are the second leading cause of injuries in the United States. On an average, they account for about 16,000 deaths every year.

dog Bite Injuries- Each year across the United States, almost 5,000,000 people are bitten or attacked by dogs and 334,000 dog bite and dog attack victims require emergency medical treatment.

Spinal Cord and Paralysis Injuries- Every year, about 11,000 Americans experience spinal cord injuries, adding up to 200,000 people living with spinal cord injury disability in the United States.

Burn Injuries- Each year in the United States, about 4,500 people die from severe burn injuries. Another 45,000 people are hospitalized. Up to 10,000 people in the United States die each year of burn-related infections. When you look at the total numbers, more than 1.1 million of our citizens experience some type of burn injury each and every year.

Head and brain Injuries- About 1,000,000 Americans experience major head and brain injuries each year.

Drowning- For any given year, there is one drowning of a child for every 11,000 residential pools in the United States. What this means is that in a country with 6 million pools, roughly 550 children under the age of ten drown each year.

medical Malpractice- It is conservatively estimated that about 90,000 people lose their lives annually in the hospital because of medical malpractice. Medication errors affect almost 1.5 million people each year.

Other personal injury cases we’ve helped clients with include animal attacks, boat and watercraft accidents, brain injuries, construction accidents, hazardous products, insurance bad faith cases, medical malpractice, product liability, professional malpractice, railroad accidents, and wrongful death cases.

What Damages are Available in a California Personal Injury Case?

In most catastrophic personal injury cases, a victim may be entitled to monetary compensation for bodily injury and pain and suffering from the person or company whose negligent or wrongful conduct caused the injury. This includes a momentary lapse in judgment, a mistake or simple negligence.

Injuries caused by intentional, willful, wanton or reckless conduct may also allow an injured party to receive punitive damages which are designed to punish the responsible party. Over the past two decades, we’ve handled both types of case.

The primary damages you may be entitled to if you are a victim of personal injury are called compensatory or actual damages. These damages are intended to provide reimbursement or payment to you for your past and future “out of pocket” expenses or losses. Please keep in mind that an expert is normally required to help prove the full extent of your recoverable damages.

The most common compensatory damages include the following:

Medical Expenses- Past and future bills and expenses for health care services from an ambulance or emergency providers, hospitals, doctors, medication, and related services from nurses or other health care providers related to your injury, care and treatment.

Lost Earnings- If you were unable to work for a period of time after the incident, you are entitled to recover reimbursement of all lost wages.

Impaired Earning Capacity- Any reduction of your ability to earn a living (can’t do the same job anymore) is recoverable. In many instances, an expert economist is retained to help determine what the actual loss of income is.

Future Medical Expenses- All reasonably necessary future medical care and treatment is recoverable. Again, this is normally proven with the help of experts.

pain and Suffering- These damages are awarded to compensate an injury victim for all past and future pain and suffering related to the incident and injury.

Mental Anguish- Personal injury victims who have sustained extreme mental or emotional suffering or distress are entitled to compensation. In some cases, this may also include someone who has witnessed the severe injury or death of a loved one.

Loss of Consortium- If, because of a personal injury, the victim’s spouse is unable to enjoy the benefits of marriage (companionship, affection, comfort, or sexual relations), a claim for monetary damages may be sought. Please note that these claims will normally “open the door” to many privacy issues.

Loss of Society and Companionship- In wrongful death cases, these damages are awarded to an heir for the loss of love, comfort, and companionship.

Property Damage- Any property damage to a vehicle or personal items may be recovered by the victim in a personal injury case.

What is the Standard of Proof in a California Personal Injury Case?

The standard of proof in the United States is typically preponderance of the evidence as opposed to clear and convincing or beyond a reasonable doubt. Because proving a case beyond a preponderance of the evidence (slight tipping of scales) is usually easier than a criminal prosecution (beyond a reasonable doubt), most personal injury cases are handled in the civil court system.

Are There Any Special Time Limits to Asserting a California Personal Injury Case?

Yes there are. Time is of the essence in many personal injury actions. In civil personal injury cases, most states have a strict statute of limitations which means that court proceedings must be properly commenced within a certain period of time after the incident or the victim will lose his or her right to bring a claim.

Other time sensitive issues and areas of possible concern involve preserving evidence and identifying defendants, insurance coverage and assets. This normally requires retaining investigators and experts to commence investigations and evaluations as promptly as possible. In fact, our office has a checklist of more than 140 items that we review in every new case that comes in to our office.

For these reasons alone, most personal injury victims agree that hiring an experienced California personal injury lawyer should not be delayed.

Can a Person Who Causes Harm to Another Human Being be Prosecuted for Both the Criminal Harm and the Civil Personal Injury?

The answer is yes. In some instances, a civil and criminal case can both be filed at the same time. People are routinely charged with the crimes of assault, battery, attempted murder and even murder. False imprisonment and fraud are other crimes that sometimes involve civil rights too.

In these cases, we work with the District attorney‘s Office to coordinate their prosecution of the crime with our handling of the civil personal injury case.

From a Lawyers Perspective, What Does it Take to Be a Good Personal Injury Lawyer?

Well, first of all it takes many years and many cases before a lawyer “learns” how to properly handle and persuasively argue a personal injury case. By their very nature, the available damages in a personal injury case are not always quantifiable through formulas or expert testimony.

The extent of compensation a personal injury victim may be entitled to recover is normally related to the preparation and artfulness of the lawyers who are retained to help them. Convincing insurance companies and jurors to award all reasonable and necessary damages takes practice and experience. The ultimate amount recovered is normally directly related to the attorney‘s skills of persuasion and advocacy.

What Happens Next in a Personal Injury Case?

When you or a family member is involved in a personal injury , it’s extremely important to act quickly and make smart decisions from the very beginning of your case.

Being seen and properly diagnosed by an experienced and well respected health care provider shortly after your accident or injury is important for two reasons. First, making sure you get proper medical treatment is important to your short and long-term recovery. Second, it’s absolutely necessary in personal injury cases to have your doctors properly document (medical records, reports, photographs, x-rays, CT/MRI scans…) all of your injuries and treatment. This record or history will be used to confirm all of your injuries and injury related issues later in the claim, litigation, or trial process.

Doctors such as orthopedic surgeons, neurologists, physical therapists and chiropractors may be needed to help you recover as fast as possible. Economists, life-case planners, as well as experts in vocational rehab are sometimes necessary to help calculate, explain and prove your financial losses.

Investigation and Protecting Evidence

When it comes to investigating the incident that caused your injuries and damages, it’s important to keep in mind that evidence can be difficult to locate as time passes. Objects get moved or removed from the accident scene. Skid marks wash away with rain and other evidence such as broken asphalt, walls, and buildings get repaired or replaced. Damage to vehicles may get repaired before being photographed and the memories of defendants and witnesses fade over time (or after being coached by the other side). In some cases these people simply “disappear.”

To avoid having this happen to you, photographs and video should be taken and all evidence preserved. Investigators should be used to talk to and record the statements of the people involved in your incident and to interview all witnesses.

In most cases, experts in areas such as accident reconstruction or bio-mechanical engineering should be retained and used to review the facts and help establish liability, force of impact, and damages in your case.

Claim and Lawsuit Filing Deadlines

In almost every case, you only have a certain period of time to file a claim or lawsuit. If you fail to properly file or serve the required legal documents in a timely fashion, you will forever lose your legal right to pursue a claim or case against the responsible party. The requirements and time period you have to file a claim against a governmental entity such as a city, county or state is different than when dealing with a private party or company in a slip and fall or automobile, motorcycle, or large truck accident case. Medical malpractice cases also have their own unique requirements and limited time periods to take action.

Legal Documents

Legal documents called claims, pleadings, and motions are normally prepared to file with the court to protect your rights and maximize your chances of obtaining a full and complete settlement or verdict. settlement demand packages are also sometimes necessary to attempt settlement of a case before the need for a lawsuit becomes necessary. Mediation, arbitration and trials are all used to obtain a final decision in a personal injury and wrongful death case.

Who Pays in a Personal Injury Case?

When it comes to recovering damages in most vehicle accident cases, most experienced personal injury law firms look to the responsible party’s automobile liability insurance or homeowners insurance. If the person who caused your injuries was employed with a company at the time he or she caused the accident and, was in the scope and course of employment, we may also pursue a claim against the employer company based upon a legal theory of respondent superior (the employer is liable for the wrongful conduct of its employees while on the job).

Other theories of liability may also be reviewed and pursued which might include a dangerous or defective product claim against the manufacturer or a maker of one of the vehicles parts or components (defective brakes, tires, unsafe/exploding gas tank design…).

If the other party has insufficient insurance or no insurance at all, you may be entitled to bring an uninsured motorist or underinsured motorist claim available against your own insurance company. In these circumstances, we will also use experts to undertake an asset background check to see whether or not there is any real property, bank accounts, home equity, or other significant assets to cover your losses. In many cases where the other party was either uninsured or insufficiently insured, we’ve been able to use these techniques to get payment on a large judgment against the other side.

The bottom line is that no settlement should take place and no settlement releases should be signed until you have full and complete answers to all of the above questions and issues.

Get Your Questions Answered today!

Since 1986, we’ve truly enjoyed helping people, not big corporations and insurance companies. Our daily focus involves protecting the injured, the wronged, and the voiceless, not large businesses that routinely trample, abuse, and exploit the rights of the less fortunate.

Our drive and motivation has always been devoted to leveling the playing field for our clients and families against the self-serving goals of corporate greed and higher corporate profits.

We truly look forward to answering any questions you may have about your personal injury or wrongful death case. Give us a call or visit our web site for more help and information.

More information, case results, and testimonials can be found at the firm’s web site at www.JACKSONandWILSON.com or also go to http://jacksonandwilson.com

Also feel free to call with your legal questions or needs: 800-661-7044

Copyright 2011 Jackson & Wilson, Inc.

More About Orange County, California

Many of our clients ask us about Orange County. They want to know our history and many of our friends on the other side of the world would like some reference to exactly where we’re located in California.

Well, in an effort to answer all of your questions, here you go…

Orange County is a county in California. Its county seat is Santa Ana. As of the 2000 census, its population was 2,846,293, while a July 2008 estimate placed the population at 3,010,759, making it the second most populous county in California, behind Los Angeles County and ahead of San Diego County.

It is the sixth most populous county in the United States as of 2009 while at the same time is also the smallest area-wise county in Southern California, being roughly half the size of the next smallest county, Ventura. The county is famous for its tourism, as the home of such attractions as Disneyland and Knott’s Berry Farm, as well as several beaches along its more than 40 miles (64 km) of coastline. It is also known for its affluence and political conservatism. In fact, a 2005 academic study listed three Orange County cities as being among America’s 25 “most conservative,” making it the only county in the country containing more than one such city.

Orange County also became well known for being the largest US county ever to have gone bankrupt, when in 1994, longtime treasurer Robert Citron’s investment strategies left the county with inadequate capital to allow for any raise in interest rates for its trading positions. When the conservative residents of Orange County voted down a proposal to raise taxes in order to balance the budget, bankruptcy followed shortly thereafter. Citron later pleaded guilty to six felonies regarding the matter.

Whereas most population centers in the United States tend to be identified by a major city, there is no defined urban center in Orange County. It is mostly suburban, except for some traditionally urban areas at the centers of the older cities of Anaheim, Santa Ana, Orange, Huntington Beach, and Fullerton. There are also several edge city-style developments such as South Coast Metro and Newport Center.

While Santa Ana serves as the governmental center of the county, Anaheim is its main tourist destination, and Irvine its major business and financial hub. Four Orange County cities have populations exceeding 200,000: Santa Ana, Anaheim, Irvine, and Huntington Beach.

Thirty-four incorporated cities are located in Orange County; the newest is Aliso Viejo, which was incorporated in 2001. Anaheim was the first city incorporated in Orange County, in 1870 when the region was still part of neighboring Los Angeles County.

Members of the Tongva, Juaneño, and Luiseño Native American groups long inhabited the area. After the 1769 expedition of Gaspar de Portolà, a Spanish expedition led by Junipero Serra named the area Valle de Santa Ana (Valley of Saint Anne). On November 1, 1776, Mission San Juan Capistrano became the area’s first permanent European settlement. Among those who came with Portolá were José Manuel Nieto and José Antonio Yorba. Both these men were given land grants – Rancho Los Nietos and Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana, respectively. The Nieto heirs were granted land in 1834. The Nieto ranches were known as Rancho Los Alamitos, Rancho Las Bolsas, and Rancho Los Coyotes. Yorba heirs Bernardo Yorba and Teodosio Yorba were also granted Rancho Cañón de Santa Ana (Santa Ana Canyon Ranch) and Rancho Lomas de Santiago, respectively. Other ranchos in Orange County were granted by the Mexican government during the Mexican period in Alta California.

A severe drought in the 1860s devastated the prevailing industry, cattle ranching, and much land came into the possession of Richard O’Neill, Sr., James Irvine and other land barons. In 1887, silver was discovered in the Santa Ana Mountains, attracting settlers via the Santa Fe and Southern Pacific Railroads.

This growth led the California legislature to divide Los Angeles County and create Orange County as a separate political entity on March 11, 1889. The county is generally said to have been named for the citrus fruit (its most famous product). However, in the new county there was already a town by the name of Orange, named for Orange County, Virginia, which itself took its name from William of Orange. The fact the county took the same name as one of its towns may have been coincidence.

Other citrus crops, avocados, and oil extraction were also important to the early economy. Orange County benefited from the July 4, 1904 completion of the Pacific Electric Railway, a trolley connecting Los Angeles with Santa Ana and Newport Beach . The link made Orange County an accessible weekend retreat for celebrities of early Hollywood. It was deemed so significant that the city of Pacific City changed its name to Huntington Beach in honor of Henry Huntington, president of the Pacific Electric and nephew of Collis Huntington. Transportation further improved with the completion of the State Route and U.S. Route 101 (now mostly Interstate 5) in the 1920s.

South Coast Metro area in central Orange County- Agriculture, such as the boysenberry which was made famous by Buena Park native Walter Knott, began to decline after World War II but the county’s prosperity soared. The completion of Interstate 5 in 1954 helped make Orange County a bedroom community for many who moved to Southern California to work in aerospace and manufacturing. Orange County received a further boost in 1955 with the opening of Disneyland.

In 1969, Yorba Linda-born Orange County native Richard Nixon became the 37th President of the United States.

In the 1980s, the population topped two million for the first time; Orange County had become the second-most populous county in California.

An investment fund melt-down in 1994 led to the criminal prosecution of County of Orange treasurer Robert Citron. The county lost at least $1.5 billion through high-risk investments in derivatives. On December 6, 1994, the County of Orange declared Chapter 9 bankruptcy, from which it emerged in June 1995. The Orange County bankruptcy was the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history.

In recent years land-use conflicts have arisen between established areas in the north and less developed areas in the south. These conflicts have regarded things such as construction of new toll roads and the re-purposing of a decommissioned air base. For example, the El Toro Marine Corps air Station site was designated by a voter measure in 1994 to be developed into an international airport to alleviate the heavily used John Wayne Airport. But subsequent voter initiatives and court actions have caused the airport plan to be permanently shelved. Instead it will become the Orange County Great Park.

Geography- According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,455 km2 (948 sq mi), making it the smallest county in Southern California. Surface water accounts for 411 km2 (159 sq mi) of the area, 16.73% of the total; 2,044 km2 (789 sq mi) are land. The average annual temperature is about 68 °F (20 °C). Despite its small size as a county, Orange County’s total area in square miles is actually just smaller than the State of Rhode Island’s land area.

Orange County is bordered on the southwest by the Pacific Ocean, on the north by Los Angeles County, on the northeast by San Bernardino County and Riverside County, and on the southeast by San Diego County.

View of the Santa Ana Mountains from Newport Harbor- The northwestern part of the county lies on the coastal plain of the Los Angeles Basin, while the southeastern end rises into the foothills of the Santa Ana Mountains. Most of Orange County’s population reside in one of two shallow coastal valleys that lie in the basin, the Santa Ana Valley and the Saddleback Valley. The Santa Ana Mountains lie within the eastern boundaries of the county and of the Cleveland National Forest. The high point is Santiago Peak (5,689 feet (1,734 m)[10]), about 20 mi (32 km) east of Santa Ana. Santiago Peak and nearby Modjeska Peak, just 200 feet (60 m) shorter, form a ridge known as Saddleback, visible from almost everywhere in the county. The Peralta Hills extend westward from the Santa Ana Mountains through the communities of Anaheim Hills, Orange, and ending in Olive. The Loma Ridge is another prominent feature, running parallel to the Santa Ana Mountains through the central part of the county, separated from the taller mountains to the east by Santiago Canyon.

The Santa Ana River is the county’s principal watercourse, flowing through the middle of the county from northeast to southwest. Its major tributary to the south and east is Santiago Creek. Other watercourses within the county include Aliso Creek, San Juan Creek, and Horsethief Creek. In the North, the San Gabriel River also briefly crosses into Orange County and exits into the Pacific on the Los Angeles-Orange County line between the cities of Long Beach and Seal Beach. Laguna Beach is home to the county’s only natural lakes, Laguna Lakes, which are formed by water rising up against an underground fault.

Residents sometimes figuratively divide the county into “North Orange County” and “South County” (meaning Northwest and Southeast—following the county’s natural diagonal orientation along the local coastline). This is more of a cultural and demographic distinction perpetuated by the popular television shows “The OC” and “Laguna Beach”, between the older areas closer to Los Angeles, and the more affluent and recently developed areas to the South and East.

A transition between older and newer development may be considered to exist roughly parallel to State Route 55 (aka the Costa Mesa Freeway). This transition is accentuated by large flanking tracts of sparsely developed area occupied until recent years by agriculture and military airfields.

While there is a natural topographical Northeast-to-Southwest transition from inland elevations to the lower coastal band, there is no formal geographical division between North and South County. Perpendicular to that gradient, the Santa Ana River roughly divides the county between northwestern and southeastern sectors (about 40% to 60% respectively, by area), but does not represent any apparent economic, political or cultural differences, nor does it significantly affect distribution of travel, housing, commerce, industry or agriculture from one side to the other.

Incorporated cities- As of August 2006, Orange County has 34 incorporated cities. The oldest is Anaheim (1870) and the newest is Aliso Viejo (2001).

Aliso Viejo, incorporated in 2001

Anaheim, incorporated in 1870

Brea, incorporated in 1917

Buena Park, incorporated in 1953

Costa Mesa, incorporated in 1953

Cypress, incorporated in 1956

Dana Point, incorporated in 1989

Fountain Valley, incorporated in 1953

Fullerton, incorporated in 1904

garden Grove, incorporated in 1956

Huntington Beach, incorporated in 1909

Irvine, incorporated in 1971

La Habra, incorporated in 1925

La Palma, incorporated in 1955

Laguna Beach, incorporated in 1927

Laguna Hills, incorporated in 1991

Laguna Niguel, incorporated in 1989

Laguna Woods, incorporated in 1999

Lake Forest, incorporated in 1991

Los Alamitos, incorporated in 1960

Mission Viejo, incorporated in 1988

Newport Beach, incorporated in 1906

Orange, incorporated in 1888

Placentia, incorporated in 1926

Rancho Santa Margarita, incorporated in 2000

San Clemente, incorporated in 1928

San Juan Capistrano, incorporated in 1961

Santa Ana, incorporated in 1886

Seal Beach, incorporated in 1915

Stanton, incorporated in 1956

Tustin, incorporated in 1927

Villa Park, incorporated in 1962

Westminster, incorporated in 1957

Yorba Linda, incorporated in 1967

Unincorporated communities- These communities are outside of city limits in unincorporated county territory:

Coto de Caza

Cowan Heights

El Modena

Emerald Bay

Foothill Ranch

Ladera Ranch

Lemon Heights

Midway City

Modjeska Canyon

North Tustin

Orange Park Acres

Rancho Mission Viejo

Red Hill

Rossmoor

Silverado Canyon

Sunset Beach

Trabuco Canyon

Planned communities- Orange County has a history of large planned communities. Nearly 30% of the county was created as master planned communities[citation needed], the most notable being the City of Irvine, Coto de Caza, Anaheim Hills, Tustin Ranch, Tustin Legacy, Ladera Ranch, Talega, Rancho Santa Margarita, and Mission Viejo. Irvine is often referred to as a model master-planned city, for its villages of Woodbridge, Northwood, University Park, and Turtle Rock that were laid out by the Irvine Company of the mid-1960s, pre- Donald Bren.

Adjacent counties- Los Angeles County, California – north, west; San Bernardino County, California – northeast; Riverside County, California – east; San Diego County, California – southeast; Los Angeles County San Bernardino County; Los Angeles County Riverside County

Orange County, California; San Diego County

National protected areas- Cleveland National Forest (part); Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge

Transportation infrastructure- Transit in Orange County is offered primarily by the Orange County Transportation Authority. The American Public Transportation Association (APTA) cited OCTA as the best large property transportation system in the United States for 2005. OCTA manages the county’s bus network and funds the construction and maintenance of local streets, highways, and freeways; regulates taxicab services; maintains express toll lanes through the median of California State Route 91; and works with Southern California’s Metrolink to provide commuter rail service along three lines – the Orange County Line, the 91 Line, and the Inland Empire-Orange County Line.

Major highways- Surface transportation in Orange County relies heavily on three major interstate highways: the Santa Ana Freeway (I-5), the San Diego Freeway (I-405 and I-5 south of Irvine), and the San Gabriel River Freeway (I-605), which only briefly enters Orange County territory in the northwest. The other freeways in the county are state highways, and include the perpetually congested Riverside and Artesia Freeway (SR 91) and the garden Grove Freeway (SR 22) running east-west, and the Orange Freeway (SR 57), the Costa Mesa Freeway (SR/SR 55), the Laguna Freeway (SR 133), the San Joaquin Transportation Corridor (SR 73), the Eastern Transportation Corridor (SR 261, SR 133, SR 241), and the Foothill Transportation Corridor (SR 241) running north-south. Minor stub freeways include the Richard M. Nixon Freeway (SR 90), also known as Imperial Highway, and the southern terminus of Pacific Coast Highway (SR 1). There are no U.S. Highways in Orange County, though two existed in the county until the mid-1960s: 91 and 101. 91 went through what is now the state route of the same number, and 101 was replaced by Interstate 5. SR-1 was once a bypass of US-101 (Route 101A).

Bus- The bus network comprises 6,542 stops on 77 lines, running along most major streets, and accounts for 210,000 boardings a day. The fleet of 817 buses is gradually being replaced by LNG (liquified natural gas)-powered vehicles, which already represent over 40% of the total.

Rail- Starting in 1992, Metrolink has operated three commuter rail lines through Orange County, and has also maintained Rail-to-Rail service with parallel Amtrak service. On a typical weekday, over 40 trains run along the Orange County Line, the 91 Line and the Inland Empire-Orange County Line. Along with Metrolink riders on parallel Amtrak lines, these lines generate approximately 15,000 boardings per weekday. Metrolink also began offering weekend service on the Orange County Line and the Inland Empire-Orange County line in the summer of 2006. As ridership has steadily increased in the region, new stations have opened at Anaheim Canyon, Buena Park, Tustin, and Laguna Niguel/Mission Viejo. Stations at Placentia and Yorba Linda are proposed for future construction.

Since 1938, the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad and later Amtrak, has operated the Pacific Surfliner regional passenger train route (previously named the San Diegan until 2000) through Orange County. The route includes stops at eight stations in Orange County including San Clemente (selected trips), San Juan Capistrano, Laguna Niguel/Mission Viejo (selected trips), Irvine, Santa Ana, Orange (selected trips), Anaheim, Fullerton.

Orange County’s first public Monorail line is undergoing Environmental impact assessment. This line will connect the Disneyland Resort, Convention Center, and Angel stadium to the proposed ARTIC transportation hub, in the city of Anaheim.

Sea- A car and passenger ferry service, the Balboa Island Ferry, comprising three ferries running every five minutes, operates between Balboa Peninsula and Balboa Island in Newport Beach.

Air- Orange County’s only major airport is John Wayne Airport. Although its abbreviation (SNA) refers to Santa Ana, the airport is in fact located in unincorporated territory surrounded by the cities of Newport Beach, Costa Mesa, and Irvine. Unincorporated Orange County (including the John Wayne Airport) has mailing addresses which go through the Santa Ana Post Office. For this reason, SNA was chosen as the IATA Code for the airport.

The actual Destination Moniker which appears on most Arrival/Departure Monitors in airports throughout the United States is “Orange County,” which is the common nickname used for the OMB Metropolitan Designation: Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, California. Its modern Thomas F. Riley Terminal handles over 9 million passengers annually through 14 different airlines.

Demographics- According to Census Bureau’s 2006 American Community survey the racial or ethnic makeup of the county was 64.76% White, 16.05% Asian, 0.33% Pacific Islander, 1.72% African American, 0.38% Native American, 14.32% from other races, and 2.44% from two or more races. 32.89% of the population were Hispanic of any race. 30.49% of the population was foreign born.

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,846,289 people, 935,287 households, and 667,794 families residing in the county, making Orange County the second most populous county in California. The population density was 1,392/km² (3,606/sq mi). There were 969,484 housing units at an average density of 474/km² (1,228/sq mi). The racial makeup of the county was 64.81% White, 13.59% Asian, 1.67% African American, 0.70% Native American, 0.31% Pacific Islander, 14.80% from other races, and 4.12% from two or more races. 30.76% are Hispanic or Latino of any race. 8.9% were of German, 6.9% English and 6.0% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000. 58.6% spoke English, 25.3% Spanish, 4.7% Vietnamese, 1.9% Korean, 1.5% Chinese (Cantonese or Mandarin) and 1.2% Tagalog as their first language.

In 1990, still according to the census there were 2,410,556 people residing in the county. The racial makeup of the county was 78.60% White, 10.34% Asian or Pacific Islander, 1.77% African American, 0.50% Native American, and 8.79% from other races. 23.43% were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 935,287 households out of which 37.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.6% were non-families. 21.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.00 and the average family size was 3.48.

Ethnic change has been transforming the population. By 2009, nearly 45 percent of the residents spoke a language other than English at home. Whites now comprise only 45 percent of the population, while the numbers of Hispanics grow steadily, along with Vietnamese, Korean and Chinese families. The percentage of foreign-born residents jumped to 30 percent in 2008 from 6 percent in 1970. The mayor of Irvine, Sukhee Kang, was born in Korea, making him the first Korean-American to run a major American city. “We have 35 languages spoken in our city,” Kang observed. The population is diverse age-wise, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years. For every 100 females there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.7 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $61,899, and the median income for a family was $75,700 (these figures had risen to $71,601 and $81,260 respectively as of a 2007 estimate[16]). Males had a median income of $45,059 versus $34,026 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,826. About 7.0% of families and 10.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

Average household income by community- Unincorporated communities are included if their population is greater than 15,000. These numbers are estimates from the 2005 Census updates for these locales. Numbers are approximate until a new Census occurs.

Villa Park: $203,091

Anaheim Hills: $157,938

Coto de Caza: $153,118

Laguna Beach: $141,916

Yorba Linda: $138,910

Newport Beach: $137,226

North Tustin: $122,685

Laguna Niguel: $112,241

Irvine: $111,455

Laguna Hills: $103,419

Ladera Ranch: $99,537

Dana Point: $97,615

San Clemente: $94,576

Rossmoor: $93,972

Rancho Santa Margarita: $92,671

Mission Viejo: $84,934

Aliso Viejo: $83,002

San Juan Capistrano: $78,638

West Garden Grove: $78,112

La Palma: $77,177

Cypress: $76,312

Huntington Beach: $75,900

Fountain Valley: $73,504

Lake Forest: $73,293

Los Alamitos: $71,112

Brea: $70,009

Costa Mesa: $69,918

Seal Beach: $66,131

Placentia: $66,083

Orange: $62,760

Fullerton: $61,462

Anaheim: $60,881

Tustin: $60,319

Buena Park: $57,695

Westminster: $57,172

Garden Grove: $50,038

La Habra: $49,612

Santa Ana: $44,505

Stanton: $37,840

Laguna Woods: $31,212

[edit]Economy

business- The developing urban core in the City of Irvine.

Orange County is the headquarters of many Fortune 500 companies including Ingram Micro (#69) and First American Corporation (#312) in Santa Ana, Western Digital (#439) in Lake Forest and Pacific Life (#452) in Newport Beach. Irvine is the home of numerous start-up companies and also is the home of Fortune 1000 headquarters for Allergan, Broadcom, Edwards Lifesciences, Epicor, Standard Pacific and Sun Healthcare Group. Other Fortune 1000 companies in Orange County include Beckman Coulter in Brea, Quiksilver in Huntington Beach and Apria Healthcare Group in Lake Forest. Irvine is also the home of notable technology companies like PC-manufacturer Gateway Inc., router manufactuer Linksys, and video/computer game creator Blizzard entertainment. Many regional headquarters for international businesses reside in Orange County like Mazda, Toshiba, Toyota, Samsung, Kia Motors, in the City of Irvine, Mitsubishi in the City of Cypress, and Hyundai in the City of Fountain Valley. fashion is another important industry to Orange County. Oakley, Inc. is headquartered in Lake Forest. Hurley International is headquartered in Costa Mesa. The shoe company Pleaser USA, Inc. is located in Fullerton. St. John is headquartered in Irvine. Wet Seal is headquarted in Lake Forest. PacSun is headquartered in Anaheim. Restaurants such as Del Taco, Wahoo’s fish Tacos, Taco Bell, El Pollo Loco, In-N-Out Burger, Claim Jumper, Marie Callender’s, Wienerschnitzel, have headquarters in the City of Irvine as well.

shopping- Orange County contains several notable shopping malls. Among these are the world-renowned South Coast Plaza in Costa Mesa and Fashion Island in Newport Beach. Other significant malls include the Brea Mall, MainPlace Santa Ana, The Shops at Mission Viejo, The Block at Orange, the Irvine Spectrum Center, and Downtown Disney.

Tourism- Tourism remains a vital aspect of Orange County’s economy. Anaheim is the main tourist hub, with the Disneyland Resort’s Disneyland Park being the second most visited theme park in the country. The Anaheim Convention Center receives many major conventions throughout the year. Resorts within the Beach Cities receive visitors throughout the year due to their close proximity to the beach, biking paths, mountain hiking trails, golf courses, shopping and dining.

Points of interest- 1965 aerial photo of Anaheim Disneyland, Disneyland Hotel with its Monorail Station. The Disneyland Heliport, surrounding orange groves, Santa Ana Freeway (now I-5) and the Melodyland Theater “in the round,” and part of the City of Anaheim.

The area’s warm Mediterranean climate and 42 miles (68 km) of year-round beaches attract millions of tourists annually. Huntington Beach is a hot spot for sunbathing and surfing; nicknamed “surf City, U.S.A.”, it is home to many surfing competitions. “The Wedge”, at the tip of The Balboa Peninsula in Newport Beach, is one of the most famous body surfing spots in the world.

Other tourist destinations include the theme parks Disneyland and Disney California Adventure in Anaheim and Knott’s Berry Farm in Buena Park. Water parks in Orange County include Wild Rivers in Irvine and Soak City in Buena Park. The Anaheim Convention Center is the largest such facility on the West Coast. The old town area in the City of Orange (the traffic circle at the middle of Chapman Ave. at Glassell) still maintains its 1950s image, and appeared in the That Thing You Do! movie. Little Saigon is another notable tourist destination, being home to the largest concentration of Vietnamese people outside of Vietnam. There are also sizable Taiwanese, Chinese, and Korean communities, particularly in western Orange County. This is evident in several Asian-influenced shopping centers in Asian American hubs like the city of Irvine.

Some of the most exclusive (and expensive) neighborhoods in the U.S. are located here, many along the Orange County Coast, and some in north Orange County.

Historical points of interest include Mission San Juan Capistrano, the renowned destination of migrating swallows, and the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum in Yorba Linda. The Richard Nixon Birthplace home, located on the grounds of the Presidential Library, is a National Historic Landmark. Other notable structures include the home of Madame Helena Modjeska, located in Modjeska Canyon on Santiago Creek; Ronald Reagan Federal Building and Courthouse in Santa Ana, the largest building in the county; the historic Balboa Pavilion in Newport Beach; and the Huntington Beach Pier. It is also recognized for its nationally known centers of worship, such as Crystal Cathedral in Garden Grove, the largest house of worship in California; Saddleback church in Lake Forest, one of the largest churches in the United States; and the Calvary Chapel.

Since the premiere in fall 2003 of the hit Fox series The O.C., and the 2007 Bravo series “The Real Housewives of Orange County” tourism has increased with travelers from across the globe hoping to see the sights seen in the show. However, the former was rarely filmed anywhere in Orange County.

religion- Orange County is also the base for several significant religious organizations:

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange headed by Bishop Tod Brown; Chuck Smith, early leader in the Jesus People movement and founder of Calvary Chapel in Costa Mesa; Reverend Robert Schuller’s Crystal Cathedral is in Garden Grove; Trinity Broadcasting Network began as Channel 40 in Tustin, now in Costa Mesa; The Purpose Driven Life author Rick Warren and his Saddleback church (the largest church in California) are in Lake Forest; The Vineyard christian Fellowship movement began in Orange County; Family International, AKA “The Children of God” ,was founded in 1968 in Huntington Beach by David Berg; Monasteries of the Vedanta Society and St. Michael’s Abbey are located in Trabuco Canyon; Pao Fa Temple in Irvine is one of the largest Buddhist monasteries and temples in the United States; Temple going Mormons are served by the Newport Beach California Temple, among four other temples operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Southern California; The Islamic Center of Irvine

There are about 1.04 million Catholics in Orange County.

Literature- A number of novels by best-selling fiction and horror author Dean Koontz, a resident of Newport Beach, are set in the area.

Several of the stories in Pulitzer Prize-winning author Michael Chabon’s collection, A Model World, are set in Orange County. Chabon studied creative writing at UC Irvine.

Orange County is the place in which Kim Stanley Robinson’s Three Californias Trilogy is set. These books depict three different futures of Orange County (survivors of a nuclear war in The Wild Shore, a developer’s dream gone mad in The Gold Coast, and an ecotopian utopia in Pacific Edge). Philip K. Dick’s novel A Scanner Darkly was also set in Orange County.

From his first novel, “Laguna Heat,” to more recent books such as “California Girl,” mystery-writer T. Jefferson Parker has set many of his novels in Orange County.

The modern fantasy novel “All the Bells on Earth” by James P. Blaylock is set in Orange.

The classic novel “Two Years Before the Mast” by Richard Henry Dana, Jr. describes journeys along the California coast in the early 19th century and the trading of goods for cow hides with the local residents. The south Orange County city of Dana Point takes its name from the author, as the cliffs around the harbor were a favorite location of his.

San Juan Capistrano is also the home of the first Zorro novellas. It was first called Curse of Capistrano, but was later changed to the Mask of Zorro due to the popularity of the movie.

In popular culture- Orange County has been the setting for numerous films and television shows:

The movie “Beaches” starring Bette Midler and Barbra Hershey was filmed at Crystal Cove State Park in Newport Coast.

The opening scene of Gilligan’s Island that shows the S.S. Minnow leaving the harbor was in Newport Beach.

The best known portrayal is as the setting of the popular 2003 Fox Network television drama The O.C. which is set in the Orange County coastal harbor town of Newport Beach.

It is the subject and setting of the eponymous 2002 movie Orange County. However, the film was not actually filmed in Orange County.

It is also the setting of the 2003 sitcom Arrested Development. Most of the series was not filmed in Orange County, but in Culver City and Marina del Rey in Los Angeles County. A running joke in the series that pokes fun at The O.C. is that characters will frequently refer to Orange County as “The O.C.,” followed by another character’s saying, “Don’t call it that” (mirroring the fact that Orange County residents rarely if ever use the term “The O.C.”, but rather just, “O.C.”).

The closing scene in Rain Man with Dustin Hoffman and Tom cruise was shot at the Santa Ana

The film Better Luck Tomorrow was shot and set in the cities of Cypress and Anaheim.

The University of California, Irvine, has been used in many films, most notably Ocean’s Eleven (2001 film); others include Conquest of the Planet of the Apes and Poltergeist (film)

The film Accepted had Harmon University shot in Chapman University in Orange.

The film Life as a House was set in Laguna Beach, although it was filmed in Los Angeles County.

The film Brick was shot and set in San Clemente

MTV‘s Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County was filmed in the Orange County coastal town of Laguna Beach, California.

MTV‘s Newport Harbor: The Real Orange County was filmed in the Orange County coastal town of Newport Beach, California.

MTV’s Life of Ryan is a reality[1] show following the life of pro skateboarder Ryan Sheckler. The title of the show is a play on Monty Python’s Life of Brian, filmed in and around the Sheckler household in San Clemente, California.

A key scene in the film Borat: Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan was shot and set at The Block at Orange in the city of Orange.

The christian Slater film Gleaming the Cube was set in Orange County and filmed in several cities, such as Anaheim, Woodbridge High school in Irvine, and John Wayne Airport in Santa Ana.

A plot line in the television drama The West Wing involved a dead liberal Democrat unexpectedly winning a Congressional seat from an Orange County district.

Orange County is the home of the late Republican President Teddy Bridges on the (now canceled) ABC drama Commander in Chief.

Sayid Jarrah from the ABC drama Lost was bound to go to Irvine, where his longtime friend Nadia lives. John Locke, another castaway from the series, is said to have lived most of his life in Tustin. Also Libby told Desmond that she is from Newport Beach.

Orange County was the location of the 1994 Charlie Sheen movie The Chase; the movie, however, was mostly filmed in Houston.

The Park Place, Irvine corporate mall was the location for futuristic scenes in the 1993 film Demolition Man starring Sylvester Stallone and Wesley Snipes.

The 2006 film A Scanner Darkly was set in the city of Anaheim. A freeway scene was shot along the Northbound I-5 in Tustin.

The show The Real Housewives of Orange County is filmed in Coto De Caza.

Costa Mesa is the setting for The X-Files episode “Hungry”.

In the 2001 film The Fast and the Furious, the scene when the Johnny Tran and his gang catch up with Vin Diesel and Paul Walker blowing up their car was filmed in Little Saigon, Westminster.

In season six of the HBO drama The Sopranos while in a coma Tony Soprano dreams he is a businessman in Costa Mesa.

The chase scene at the beginning of the Arnold Schwarzenegger movie Kindergarten Cop was filmed at Main Place Mall in Santa Ana.

In “The Incredible Mr. Brisby” episode of The Venture Bros., Hank and Dean Venture travel to the fictional theme park Brisby Land, a spoof on Disney Land. During the episode, radical Orange County Natives known as the Orange County Liberation Front launch a full-scale assault on the Brisby Land compound out of revenge for the ever increasing size of the Park. Members of the OCLF are easily identified by their helmets that resemble enormous oranges.

The shuttle bay scenes for the 2009 Star trek movie were shot in the old El Toro base hangars.

A Skanner Darkly The main Character is portrayed as an Undercover Narcotics Agent for Orange County

Orange County has also been used as a shooting location for several films and television programs. Examples of movies at least partially shot in Orange County are Tom Hanks’s That Thing You Do, the Coen Brothers’ The Man Who Wasn’t There, and the Martin Lawrence movie Big Momma’s House. All three of which were filmed in or around the Old Towne Plaza in the

City of Orange.

sports- Huntington Beach annually plays host to the U.S. Open of Surfing, AVP Pro Beach Volleyball and Vans World Championship of Skateboarding.[20] It was also the shooting location for Pro Beach hockey.[21] USA Water Polo, Inc. has moved its headquarter offices to Huntington Beach.[22] Orange County’s active outdoor culture is home to many surfers, skateboarders, mountain bikers, cyclists, climbers, hikers, kayaking, sailing and sand volleyball.

sports teams- Street banners promoting the county’s two major league teams, the Ducks and the Angels. The Major League baseball team in Orange County is the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. In 2005, new owner Arte Moreno wanted to change the name to “Los Angeles Angels” in order to better tap into the Los Angeles media market, the second largest in the country. However, the standing agreement with the city of Anaheim demanded that they have “Anaheim” in the name, so they became the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. This name change was hotly disputed by the city of Anaheim, but the change stood and still stands today, which prompted a lawsuit by the city of Anaheim against Angels owner Arte Moreno, won by Moreno. It has been widely unpopular in Orange County,.

The county’s National hockey League team, the Anaheim Ducks, won the 2007 Stanley Cup beating the Ottawa Senators. They also came close to winning the 2003 Stanley Cup finals after winning three games in a seven-game series against the New jersey Devils.

The Orange County Flyers are a Golden baseball League team based in Fullerton, California. The league is not affiliated with Major League Baseball. The Flyers were sold on March 21, 2007 to an Orange County investment group, making them the first Golden Baseball League team to ever be sold. Before their sale, the Flyers were called the Fullerton Flyers, but on March 28, 2007 they became the Orange County Flyers; they kept their team colors (blue and orange) and home games are still played at Cal State Fullerton’s Goodwin Field.

The Orange County Blue Star is a USL Premier Development League soccer club. They play at Orange Coast College. Among those who have played for OCBS are Jürgen Klinsmann, the former German star and Germany’s 2006 World Cup coach, who played under an assumed name.

The Anaheim Arsenal are an NBA D-League expansion team for the 2006–2007 season. They play their home games at the Anaheim Convention Center.

The Orange County Gladiators are an American basketball Association (ABA) expansion team starting in November 2007. They will play their home games at Fieldhouse gym at JSerra in San Juan Capistrano.

Orange County Roller Girls [3] – an All Female Flat Track Roller Derby League formed in 2006 and actively plays (bouts) at various locations in Orange County. Many of the league’s bouts are played against teams from other cities throughout the United States.

The Orange County Outlaws are a rugby league team, established in 2010. They are hoping to be part of the AMNRL.

Former and defunct Orange County sports teams- The National football League football left the county when the Los Angeles Rams relocated to St. Louis in 1995. Anaheim city leaders are in talks with the NFL to bring a Los Angeles-area franchise to Orange County, though they are competing with other cities in and around Los Angeles.

The California surf played in the North American soccer League from 1978 to 1981. The club called Anaheim stadium home.

The Los Angeles Salsa played at Cal State Fullerton’s Titan Stadium in 1993–94 in the American Professional Soccer League (APSL), at the time the top soccer league in the U.S. The Salsa, whose general manager was former Cosmos star Ricky Davis and its coach former Brazil star Rildo Menezes, also played some games at East Los Angeles College in Monterey Park, California, and Trabuco Hills High school, Mission Viejo, California attempting a season in Mexico’s second-tier Primera A Division. That attempt was cancelled after several games when FIFA and CONCACAF ruled a club could not play in two leagues in separate countries. The Salsa lost to the Colorado Foxes in the 1993 APSL final at Cal State Fullerton.

The Orange County Zodiac, affiliated with MLS’s Los Angeles Galaxy, played soccer at Santa Ana Stadium (also known as Santa Ana Bowl) and Orange Coast College from 1997 to 2000.

The county was the home of the Orange County Buzz basketball team of the American Basketball Association (ABA).

Anaheim was also the home of the prior American Basketball Association franchise known as the Anaheim Amigos in the mid-sixties.

The Anaheim Storm was a member of the National Lacrosse League. They folded in 2005 due to low attendance.

The Anaheim Piranhas were a Arena Football League team in 1996-97, but folded due to team board financial problems.

The Anaheim Bullfrogs were a Roller Hockey International team that lasted from 1993–99 and were briefly revived in 2001.

The Anaheim Splash was a soccer team that played in the Continental Indoor Soccer League from 1993 to 1997.

The Los Angeles Clippers played some home games at The Arrowhead Pond, now known as the Honda Center, from 1994 to 1999, before moving to Staples Center, which they share with the Los Angeles Lakers.

The Southern California Sun was an American football team based out of Anaheim that played in the World Football League in 1974 and 1975. Their records were 13–7 in 1974 and 7–5 in 1975. Their home stadium was Anaheim Stadium.

The Orange County Ramblers were a professional football team that competed in the Continental Football League from 1967-68. The Ramblers played their home games in Anaheim, California. The team was coached both seasons by Homer Beatty, who had won a small college national title at Santa Ana College in 1962.

Government- Orange County is a chartered county of California; its seat is Santa Ana. Its legislative and executive authority is vested in a five-member Board of Supervisors. Each Supervisor is popularly elected from a regional district, and together the board oversees the activities of the county’s agencies and departments and sets policy on development, public improvements, and county services. At the beginning of each year the Supervisors select a Chairman and Vice Chairman, but the administration is headed by a professional municipal manager, the County Executive. The current supervisors are Janet Nguyen, John Moorlach, Bill Campbell, and Patricia C. Bates, with a vacancy in the Fourth District, which was previously occupied by Chris Norby until he resigned to become a member of the California State Assembly.

Seven other public officials are elected at-large: the County Assessor, Auditor-Controller, Clerk-Recorder, District Attorney, Sheriff-Coroner, Treasurer-Tax Collector and Public Administrator. Since 2008, the Orange County Sheriff’s Department has been led by Sheriff-Coroner Sandra Hutchens. Her predecessor, Mike Carona, resigned earlier in the year to defend himself against corruption charges.

Pension scandal- On July 12, 2010, it was revealed that Carona received over $215,000 in pension checks in 2009, despite his felony conviction, as the county’s retirement system faces a massive shortfall totaling $3.7 billion unfunded liabilities. He is one of approximately 400 retired Orange County public servants who received more than $100,000 last year in benefits. Also on the list of those receiving extra-large pension checks is former treasurer-tax collector Robert Citron, whose investments, which were made while consulting psychics and astrologers, led Orange County into bankruptcy in 1994.[25]

Citron funneled billions of public dollars into questionable investments, and at first the returns were high and cities, schools and special districts borrowed millions to join in the investments. But the strategy backfired, and Citron’s investment pool lost $1.64 billion. Nearly $200 million had to be slashed from the county budget and more than 1,000 jobs were cut. The county was forced to borrow $1 billion.

The California Foundation for Fiscal Responsibility filed a lawsuit against the pension system to get the list. The agency had claimed that pensioner privacy would be compromised by the release. A judge approved the release and the documents were released late June 2010. The release of the documents has reopened debate on the pension plan for retired public safety workers approved in 2001 when Carona was sheriff.

Called “3 percent at 50,” it lets deputies retire at age 50 with 3 percent of their highest year’s pay for every year of service. Before it was approved and applied retroactively, employees received 2 percent. “It was right after Sept. 11,” said Orange County Supervisor John Morrlach. “All of a sudden, public safety people became elevated to god status. The Board of Supervisors were tripping over themselves to make the motion.” He called it “one of the biggest shifts of money from the private sector to the public sector.” Moorlach, who was not on the board when the plan was approved, led the fight to repeal the benefit. A lawsuit, which said the benefit should go before voters, was rejected in Los Angeles County Superior Court in 2009 and is now under appeal.

Carona opposed the lawsuit when it was filed, likening its filing to a “nuclear bomb” for deputies.

Politics- Orange County has long been known as a Republican stronghold and has consistently sent Republican representatives to the state and federal legislatures. Republican majorities in Orange County helped deliver California’s electoral votes to Republican presidential candidates Richard Nixon (1960, 1968 and 1972), Gerald Ford (1976), Ronald Reagan (1980, 1984), and George H. W. Bush (1988). Orange County has not voted for a Democratic presidential candidate since Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1936 landslide re-election for a second term. Although Democrats have made inroads in the northern end of the county since the mid-1980s, Orange County politics are still dominated by Republicans. Five of the county’s six U.S. Representatives, four of its five State Senators and seven of its nine State Assemblymembers are Republicans, as are all five members of the County Board of Supervisors. Only four Democrats have carried the county in a statewide race in the last 50 years; Jerry Brown in his successful campaign for Governor in 1978, March Fong Eu for Secretary of State and Kenneth Cory for State Controller, both also in 1978 and Kathleen Connell for Controller in 1998.

In Congress, representatives whose districts are completely or partially in the county include Republicans Ed Royce (CA-40), Gary Miller (CA-42), Ken Calvert (CA-44), Dana Rohrabacher (CA-46), and John Campbell (CA-48), and Democrat Loretta Sanchez (CA-47). In the State Senate, Senators whose districts are completely or partially in the county include Republicans Bob Huff (SD-29), Mimi Walters (SD-33), Tom Harman (SD-35), and Mark Wyland (SD-38), and Democrat Lou Correa (SD-34). In the State Assembly, Assemblymembers whose districts are completely or partially in the county in
About the Author

Orange County personal injury lawyer, Jon Mitchell Jackson, was named an Orange County Trial Lawyer of the Year by the Orange County Trial Lawyers Association. Mitch is the founding partner and Senior Litigation Partner of Jackson and Wilson, Inc., a top AV rated firm by Martindale-Hubbell. The firm is also listed in the Bar Register of Preeminent Lawyers, an exclusive listing reserved for the best law firms in the United States. This recent award follows several earlier recognitions this year naming Mitch as a Southern California Super Lawyer and, a rating of 10.0 or Superb by the national AVVO lawyer rating system. Mitch also serves as a Judge Pro Tem with the Orange County Superior Court and in his spare time, enjoys Rotary International. Mitch invites potential clients, family, friends, and fellow Rotarians to visit his web site and say hello.
http://www.jacksonandwilson.com
or visit
http://jacksonandwilson.com

08 Llanelli v Pontypridd – 18th October 2008

ASDA on BBC America.